http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
7 m. z3 r8 F3 d5 g, gCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version
2 J5 E( `' m* a9 r9 R7 b) zCoughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.% l$ w/ i6 E) p+ N, P
6 y* t v: B/ S: AConsiderations: U0 o a! u! B( c
9 i1 A1 ?1 t; y2 K9 D+ ~9 VCoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract./ x1 f0 o( ?( S1 |
Y4 Z0 N6 Y* G( ^- Z2 mBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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Causes
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A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:# o3 k, c* k0 c) n, f5 b
3 C1 R7 \! e( |- {! C, MBlood clot in the lung
" L5 a. M6 u- k! ?0 i6 PBreathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
8 | N: ?5 c' A+ x; IBronchoscopy with biopsy/ s; l4 D7 \7 P& x
Bronchiectasis8 j( L0 I4 {4 t
Bronchitis: Q2 t: v/ @. M- S: x# p! Z
Cancer
9 p( h) O' J! h+ _. D, x0 dCystic fibrosis
2 [2 ]3 s/ o! c# w' g/ I- BInflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis), R. L3 |/ A. w4 I, O! G
Injury to the arteries of the lungs0 h. s1 g& {! u4 R+ t9 a/ ?0 u; G2 s
Irritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
j* I& F- T" K4 VPneumonia or other lung infections
2 ~5 C( M7 c8 B7 j OPulmonary edema2 x0 t% s- R' x# m0 v9 |5 d* Q5 a& w
Systemic lupus erythematosus4 `0 t- Z& w, r i/ @, V
Tuberculosis
& ^. ^5 E0 x, b0 w; hHome Care
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.
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When to Contact a Medical Professional
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. C4 a& c& ~6 h& @+ b9 u5 H rGet medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:
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* |0 z1 O; c+ Y0 i+ }A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood! x9 F. b2 K! y1 ~- Z4 ]
Blood in your urine or stools/ P9 x' ~5 `7 o* u4 i0 N! c: ~! z
Chest pain1 B/ g9 [1 ?$ M* }; G: U* b5 B* B
Dizziness
1 [! \; Y1 d: K# ?Fever7 k3 Z# R0 W7 \" q/ v6 I0 X0 p
Light-headedness
1 S9 ^1 R0 K( Q6 |( d/ mSevere shortness of breath1 ^7 }, W6 `1 I1 R0 M
What to Expect at Your Office Visit- g2 a/ i- ]# D/ Z! C
. [- J' E! H- l: M1 B* ?; \1 l& r4 sIn an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:5 C U, D, `8 I' W
/ P- F" Q! r- |Type
9 T/ g( Y. a2 l9 x- [Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?
- O; Z3 ], X$ N0 K3 HCan you see blood when you cough up something?2 h) Q' c/ a3 r$ c R! ] q2 v
How many times have you coughed up blood?
X8 e2 o" B& ?. J( Y* VIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?6 \; H! U/ n! ?2 K
Time pattern' Z; n2 E$ ]/ x& I3 R$ P
Did it begin suddenly?
+ @0 H4 x/ |- c: N6 Z8 V2 XHas it increased recently?
: ]1 y0 M% x8 L wFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
; @# O3 {: ~; b- o. V' ~3 kIs the cough worse at night?
+ N t( o) @+ U) W2 lWhat other symptoms do you have?' S2 n7 Q0 {. P2 @: y- F
The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways- c% s2 V3 ~1 {. k( G
Chest CT scan7 R1 e2 l7 y, m' S
Chest x-ray
1 H' B5 c6 e# D1 z3 G3 j" ~6 RComplete blood count
p7 D }# H3 f3 tLung biopsy
& B5 w, N E, h t- ^: z2 [Lung scan, x6 Q# i- }7 M! s
Pulmonary arteriography
) I5 W$ Q' i# T y- Y) f1 J; ISputum culture and smear
) r9 G$ o7 `9 r. |Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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